Installing
Starting
Initialization
Starting
Initialization
Installing
Process of installing of .NET Framework is shown on the picture below
Process of installing of .NET Framework is shown on the picture below
Registry
During installing .NET Framework all related information is recorded into HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\.NETFramework\Policy\ This information includes info about major, minor and build versions of CLR and class libraries. Major and minor version keys (like 1.1, 2.0) are version of the CLR, where build version (like 4322) is version of the class libraries.
During installing .NET Framework all related information is recorded into HKEY_LOCAL_MACHINE\SOFTWARE\Microsoft\.NETFramework\Policy\ This information includes info about major, minor and build versions of CLR and class libraries. Major and minor version keys (like 1.1, 2.0) are version of the CLR, where build version (like 4322) is version of the class libraries.
Registry is the place to determine the version of the .NET (this is one of the most frequent question on the microsoft.public.dotnet.languages.csharp newsgroup and that encouraged me to write this article).
Windows Directory
All .NET FW files, core and class libraries are copied into Windows directory under Microsoft.NET\Framework\ folder. The folder subdirectories names are maps directly to the structure of the records into registry for the reliability reason to check the CLR existence.
GAC
All class libraries, once more, are copied into GAC, where several versions of one assembly could coexist side-by-side (take into account that the versions of components installed into GAC are different from the CLR, because into GAC you see the Win32 file version, not the assembly version). The idea to have class libraries into GAC and into Windows directory leads from the compiler design – compiler cannot compile against the files into GAC. Compile scenario uses component from Windows directory and runtime scenario uses GAC.
All .NET FW files, core and class libraries are copied into Windows directory under Microsoft.NET\Framework\ folder. The folder subdirectories names are maps directly to the structure of the records into registry for the reliability reason to check the CLR existence.
GAC
All class libraries, once more, are copied into GAC, where several versions of one assembly could coexist side-by-side (take into account that the versions of components installed into GAC are different from the CLR, because into GAC you see the Win32 file version, not the assembly version). The idea to have class libraries into GAC and into Windows directory leads from the compiler design – compiler cannot compile against the files into GAC. Compile scenario uses component from Windows directory and runtime scenario uses GAC.
Starting
Each time you starts managed application the default host is started. This host has ability to determine which CLR version was used in building assembly. Host checks the registry for the version existence and delegates call to the mscoree.dll. Take into account that in case of COM Interoperability the latest version of CLR starts.
Each time you starts managed application the default host is started. This host has ability to determine which CLR version was used in building assembly. Host checks the registry for the version existence and delegates call to the mscoree.dll. Take into account that in case of COM Interoperability the latest version of CLR starts.
Initialization
There are several unmanaged dlls providing API to start CLR. The most important dll responding for starting CLR is mscoree.dll (startup shim). Each machine has only one copy of mscoree.dll. When new application starts all requests of loading the CLR comes to the mscoree.dll, which then directs requests to the required version of the CLR. Default CLR host or custom host looks in the assembly to get the version which was used in building application. The main work of mscoree.dll is to find the path to the correct version of mscorwks.dll (CLR engine). Steps below performs by mscoree.dll
1) reading information from the registry about physical path to the .Net folder under windows directory;
2) reading info from registry about major, minor, and build version of .net framework;
3) combine read values to create path like C:\Windows\Microsoft\.NETFramework\v1.1.4322\mscorwks.dll;
4) check path and file existence;
5) load mscorwks.dll
There are several unmanaged dlls providing API to start CLR. The most important dll responding for starting CLR is mscoree.dll (startup shim). Each machine has only one copy of mscoree.dll. When new application starts all requests of loading the CLR comes to the mscoree.dll, which then directs requests to the required version of the CLR. Default CLR host or custom host looks in the assembly to get the version which was used in building application. The main work of mscoree.dll is to find the path to the correct version of mscorwks.dll (CLR engine). Steps below performs by mscoree.dll
1) reading information from the registry about physical path to the .Net folder under windows directory;
2) reading info from registry about major, minor, and build version of .net framework;
3) combine read values to create path like C:\Windows\Microsoft\.NETFramework\v1.1.4322\mscorwks.dll;
4) check path and file existence;
5) load mscorwks.dll
MSCORWKS.dll is a central point of .net (for workstation), it loads all related core components like JIT compiler, class libraries and etc. from the current directory.
Document version: 0.1
Last update: May 26, 2006
Michael's Coding Den 
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